The System catalog- introduction to Operator Evaluation-Algorithms for Relational Operators-Introduction to Query Optimization-Alternative Plans: example- A Typical Relational Query Optimizer: Translating SQL Queries into Algebra-Estimating the cost of a plan- Relational Algebra Equivalences- Enumeration of Alternative Plans-Nested Subqueries- The System R Optimizer.

The ACID Properties-Transactions and Schedules- Concurrent Execution of Transaction-Lock-Based Concurrency Control-Performance of Locking-Transaction Support in SQL-Introduction to Crash Recovery – Concurrency Control – 2PL, Serializability and Recoverability-Introduction to Lock Management-Lock Conversion-Dealing with Deadlock-Specialized Locking Techniques- Concurrency Control without Locking. Crash Recovery: Introduction To ARIES -The Log: Other Recovery-Related Structures-The Write-ahead Log Protocol -Check Pointing- Recovering from a System Crash -Media Recovery.

Introduction to Physical Database Design – Guidelines for Index Selection-Clustering and Indexing -Tools to Assist Index Selection – Overview of Database Tuning -Choices in Tuning the Conceptual Schema-Choices in Tuning Queries and Views -Impact of Concurrency.

Architecture for Parallel Databases-Parallel Query Evaluation- Parallelizing Individual Operations-Parallel Query Optimization-Types of Distributed Databases -Distributed DBMS Architecture-Storing Data in Distributed DBMS- Distributed Catalog Management-Distributed Query Processing-Updating Distributed Data Distributed Transaction-Distributed Concurrency Control-Distributed Recovery.

Types of Spatial Data and Queries-Application involving Spatial Data-Introduction to Spatial Indexes-Indexing Based on Space Filling Curves Grid files -R-Trees -Issues in High Dimensional Indexing. Introduction to Database Security-Access Control- Discretionary and Mandatory Access Control-Security for Internet Application – Additional Issues Related to Security