The abnormal electrocardiogram – Left atrial abnormality / Right atrial abnormality Left ventricular hypertrophy and enlargement Right ventricular hypertrophy and enlargement Intraventricular conduction delays Left anterior fascicular block Left posterior fascicular block

Left bundle branch block Right bundle branch block Myocardial ischemia and infarction Repolarization (ST- T Wave) abnormalities QRS changes changes Localization of ischemia or infarction Non-infarction Q waves Primary and secondary T wave change Electrolyte and metabolic ECG abnormalities

Cardiac arrhythmias Ventricular premature beats Supra-ventricular tachycardias Atrial flutter/fibrillation Ventricular Tachycardia/Ventricular fibrillation Atria Ventricular block Prolonged PR interval Mobitz type 1 and 2 block Complete heart block Direct Current (DC) shock Defibrillator Monophasic and biphasic shock Technique of cardioversion Indications for cardioversion

Syllabus Exercise physiology Exercise protocols Lead systems Patient preparation ST segment displacement ᎓ types and measurement Non-electrocardiographic observations Exercise test indications, contra-indications and precautions Cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances during stress testing Emergencies in the stress testing laboratory

Principles of Holter Recording Connections of the Holter recorder Holter Analysis Guidelines for ambulatory electrocardiography