Grade 4 Social Science

Physical Divisions of India

India is divided into different physical regions based on landforms:

• Himalayan Mountains – High and snowy mountains in the north
• Northern Plains – Fertile land suitable for farming
• Plateau Region – Rocky and rich in minerals
• Desert Region – Dry and sandy (Thar Desert)
• Coastal Plains – Areas near the sea
• Islands – Groups of islands in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal
  Each region has its own climate, plants, animals, and lifestyle.

2. Calendar

A calendar helps us keep track of days, weeks, months, and years.

• A year has 12 months
• It is based on the movement of the Earth around the Sun
• We use calendars to plan events, festivals, and daily activities
  Different cultures may have different types of calendars.

3. I Make History

History is not just about the past—we create history every day through our actions.

• Important events become part of history
• People who do great things are remembered
• Even small good actions can make a difference
  This topic encourages students to be responsible and do meaningful things.

4. Movements of the Earth

The Earth moves in two main ways:

• Rotation – The Earth spins on its axis
  → Causes day and night
• Revolution – The Earth moves around the Sun
  → Causes seasons

These movements help us understand time, climate, and life on Earth.

5. Land of Diversity

India is called a land of diversity because:

• People speak many languages
• Follow different religions
• Wear different clothes
• Celebrate many festivals
  Even though we are different, we live together peacefully. This is called unity in diversity.

• By the end of Grade 4, students:

  • Become more aware of their surroundings and country
  • Develop basic geographical and historical understanding
  • Learn to respect diversity and work together
  • Begin to think as responsible and informed young learners