Overview of C: History of C–Importance of C–Basic Structures of C Programs–Programming Style – Executing a ‘C’ Program . Constants, Variables and Datatypes: Introduction - Character set - C tokens - keyword & Identifiers - Constants -Variables - Data types - Declaration of variables – Declaration of Storage class - Assigning values to variables .

Operators and Expressions: Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Assignment,Increment and Decrement, Conditional, Bitwise, Special operators - Arithmetic Expressions - Evaluation of expression - Mathematical functions. Decision Makingand Branching: Introduction - if, if...else, nesting of if...else statements - elseif ladder - The switch statement- The goto Statement.

Decision Making and Looping: Introduction- the while statement- the dostatement – the for statement - Jumps in loops. One Dimensional Arrays – Two Dimensional Arrays - Multi dimensional array. Character Arrays and Strings: Declaring & Initializing string variables- Reading String from terminal –Writing Strings from to screen –String Handling functions.

User-Defined Functions: Introduction–Need for user-defined functions- Elementsof User-Defined Functions- Definition of function -Return Values and their types - Function Calls-Function Declaration - Category of Functions- No arguments and no return values – Arguments but no return values – Arguments with return values – No arguments but return values - Nesting of Functions - Recursion - The Scope, Visibility and Lifetime of Variables . Structures and Unions: Defining and declaring structure variables – Accessing structure members - structure Initialization - Structures within structures - Unions – Size of Structures - Bit Fields.

Pointers: Introduction - Understanding pointers-Accessing the address of a variable -Declaration and Initialization of pointer Variable - Accessing a variable through its pointer - Chain of pointers - Pointer Expressions - Pointers and Arrays- Pointers and Strings - Array of pointers - Pointers as Function Arguments - Functions returning pointers - Pointers to Functions - Pointers and Structures. FileManagement in C: Defining, Opening and closing a file–Input /Output Operations onfiles - Errors handling during I/O Operations – Random Access to files – Command line arguments.