Meaning and Definition- measurement , assessment and evaluation-Role of Assessment in Learning-as learning , for learning , of learning- Formative and Summative assessment-Purpose of Assessment-Principles of Assessment Practices-principles related to selection of methods for assessment , collection of assessment information, judging and scoring of student performances , summarization and interpretation of results , reporting of assessment findings.

Unit-II Assessment for learning in classroom Student evaluation in transmission-reception (Behaviourist) model of education- drawbacks - Changing assessment practices- Assessment in Constructivist approach - Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation- Projects, Seminars, Assignments, Portfolios; Grading - Types of assessment- practice based, evidence based, performance based, examination based - Practices of Assessment dialogue, Feedback through marking, peer and self –assessment.

Tools &techniques for classroom assessment:Observation, self-reporting, anecdotal records, check lists, rating scale, types of tests - rubrics- meaning andimportance - assessment tools for affective domain- attitude scales, motivation scales- Interest inventory - Types of test items-Principles for constructing test items. Major issues-commercialization of assessment, poor test quality, domain dependency, measurement issues, system issues - reforms in assessment: Open book and online - examinations.

Differentiated Assessment - Culturally Responsive Assessment - Use of tests for learner appraisal - Achievement test, Diagnostic test - Construction of scoring key - Marking scheme - question wise analysis - Quality of a good test - Ensuring fairness in assessment - Assessment for enhancing confidence in learning - Assessing the disabled and performance outcomes of diverse learners - Assessment and feedback - Process of feedback.

Drawbacks of Present Assessment System – Assessment for Better Learning, Confident learning and creative learners – Reflective journal – Studentsportfolio. Interpreting and reporting quantitative Data – Measures of central tendency, Measures of dispersion and correlation – graphs and diagrams.