Significance of highway planning – Modal limitations towards sustainability - History of road development in India – factors influencing highway alignment – Soil suitability analysis - Road ecology - Engineering surveys for alignment, objectives, conventional and modern methods - Classification of highways – Locations and functions – Typical cross sections of Urban and Rural roads

Cross sectional elements - Sight distances – Horizontal curves, Super elevation, transition curves, widening at curves – Vertical curves - Gradients, Special consideration for hill roads - Hairpin bends – Lateral and vertical clearance at underpasses.

Pavement components and their role - Design principles -Design practice for flexible and rigid Pavements (IRC methods only) – Embankments- Problems in Flexible pavement design.

Highway construction materials, properties, testing methods – CBR Test for subgrade - tests on aggregate & bitumen – Test on Bituminous mixes-Construction practice including modern materials and methods, Bituminous and Concrete road construction, Polymer modified bitumen, Recycling, Different materials – Glass, Fiber, Plastic, Geo-Textiles, Geo-Membrane (problem not included) – Quality control measures - Highway drainage –– Construction machineries.

Pavement distress in flexible and rigid pavements – Types of maintenance – Pavement Management Systems - Pavement evaluation, roughness, present serviceability index, skid resistance, structural evaluation, evaluation by deflection measurements – Strengthening of pavements –Highway Project formulation.