UV Visible spectroscopy Electronic transitions, chromophores, auxochromes, spectral shifts, solvent effect on absorption spectra, Beer and Lambert’s law, Derivation and deviations. Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, sample cells, detectorsPhoto tube, Photomultiplier tube, Photo voltaic cell, Silicon Photodiode. Applications - Spectrophotometric titrations, Single component and multi component analysis Fluorimetry Theory, Concepts of singlet, doublet and triplet electronic states, internal and external conversions, factors affecting fluorescence, quenching, instrumentation and applications
IR spectroscopy Introduction, fundamental modes of vibrations in poly atomic molecules, sample handling, factors affecting vibrations Instrumentation - Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, detectors - Golay cell, Bolometer, Thermocouple, Thermister, Pyroelectric detector and applications Flame Photometry-Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications Atomic absorption spectroscopy- Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications Nepheloturbidometry- Principle, instrumentation and applications
Introduction to chromatography Adsorption and partition column chromatography-Methodology, advantages, disadvantages and applications. Thin layer chromatography- Introduction, Principle, Methodology, Rf values, advantages, disadvantages and applications. Paper chromatography-Introduction, methodology, development techniques, advantages, disadvantages and applications Electrophoresis– Introduction, factors affecting electrophoretic mobility, Techniques of paper, gel, capillary electrophoresis, applications
Gas chromatography - Introduction, theory, instrumentation, derivatization, temperature programming, advantages, disadvantages and applications High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-Introduction, theory, instrumentation, advantages and applications.
Ion exchange chromatography- Introduction, classification, ion exchange resins, properties, mechanism of ion exchange process, factors affecting ion exchange, methodology and applications Gel chromatography- Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications Affinity chromatography- Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications
Reference Book:
1. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis by B.K Sharma 2. Organic spectroscopy by Y.R Sharma 3. Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry by A.H. Beckett and J.B. Stenlake
Text Book:
1. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis by Gurdeep R. Chatwal & Sham K. Anand 2. Textbook of pharmaceutical analysis by Dr. S. Ravisankar 3. Pharmaceutical analysis volume 1&2 by Anees A Siddiqui & Seemi Siddiqui