History of C – Importance of C – Basic Structures of C Programs – Programming Style – Executing a ‘C’ Program - Constants, Variables and Data types: Introduction - Character set - C tokens - keyword & Identifiers - Constants - Variables - Data types - Declaration of variables – Declaration of Storage class - Assigning values to variables - Defining Symbolic Constants, Declaring a Variable as constant and Volatile - Managing Input and Output operations : Reading and Writing a character, Formatted Input and Output.

Arithmetic, Relational, Logical, Assignment, Increment and Decrement, Conditional, Bitwise, Special, operators - Arithmetic Expressions - Evaluation of expression - precedence of arithmetic operators - Type conversion in expression - operator precedence & associativity - Mathematical functions. Decision Making and Branching: Introduction - If , If.Else, nesting of IfElse statements - Else If ladder - The Switch statement, The ?: Operator - The Go to Statement.

Introduction- the While statement- the do statement – the for statement - jumps in loops. One Dimensional Arrays – Initialization & Declaration of One Dimensional Arrays- Two Dimensional Arrays - Initialization & Declaration of Two Dimensional Arrays- Multi dimensional array - Character Arrays and Strings: Declaring & Initializing string variables, Reading String from terminal –Writing Strings from to screen, Arithmetic operations on character-Putting Strings together - Comparison of two strings –String Handling functions.

Introduction - Need and Elements of User-Defined Functions- Definition of function -Return Values and their types - Function Calls-Function Declaration - Category of Functions- No arguments and no return values – Arguments but no return values – Arguments with return values – No arguments but return values - Nesting of Functions - Recursion - Passing Arrays and Strings to Functions - The Scope, Visibility and Lifetime of Variables - Multi file Programs. Structures and Unions: Defining and declaring structure variables – accessing structure members - structure Initialization - Copying and comparing structure variables- Structures within structures – Structures and functions - Unions – Size of Structures - Bit Fields.

Introduction - Understanding pointers-Accessing the address of a variable - Declaration and Initialization of pointer Variable - Accessing a variable through its pointer - Chain of pointers - Pointer Expressions - Pointer Increments and Scale factor - Pointers and Arrays- Pointers and Strings - Array of pointers - Pointers as Function Arguments - Functions returning pointers - Pointers to Functions - Pointers and Structures. File Management in C: Defining, Opening and closing a file – Input /Output Operations on files - Errors handling during I/O Operations – Random Access to files – Command line arguments.