Rutherford scattering - Nuclear size –Nuclide – Nucleon – Protons –Neutrons- Isotopes –Isotones –Isobars–Mirror nuclei - Atomic mass unit –properties of the nucleus – Theories of nuclear composition - Nuclear binding energy –Nuclear models –Liquid drop model -Semi-empirical mass formula and its applications - Shell model –Magic numbers - Nuclear magnetic moment - Nuclear forces –Yukawa’s theory (no derivation)-Problems

Laws of radio activity –Half life period –Mean life –Soddy Fajan displacement law – Radio carbon dating – Natural Radioactive series - Problems. α particle –q/M for α particle - Range of α particle –Experimentation determination of Geiger-Nuttal law – Alpha decay energy – Gamow’s theory of α decay. β decay – Negatron emission, Positron emission and Electron capture -β- ray spectra – Interpretation –The neutrino theory of β decay – Selection rules only(no theory) - Electron capture -ϒ rays- determination of wavelengths by DuMond crystal spectrometer – Origin of rays –Internal conversion - Problems

Nuclear transmutations by α particles, protons, deuterons, neutrons and electrons –Photo disintegration –Neutron classification as to energy - Energy distribution of thermal neutrons -Nuclear fission –Energy release - Nuclear fusion –Thermo nuclear reactions- Controlled thermo nuclear reaction- Principle and action of atom bomb and hydrogen bomb – Nuclear reactions in sun- Nuclear reactors –General features of nuclear reactors –Different types of nuclear reactors – Pressurized water reactor –Boiling water reactor – Fast breeder reactor

Particle detectors - Interaction between energetic particles and matter – Wilson Cloud chamber - Geiger Muller Counter - Nuclear emulsion technique - Particle Accelerators - Synchrotron - Electron synchrotron and proton synchrotron - Discovery of Cosmic Rays - Secondary cosmic rays - Geomagnetic effects – Absorption of cosmic rays – Cosmic ray showers - Van Allen belts - Origin of cosmic rays

Classification of elementary particles - Properties of elementary particles –Isospin – Strangeness – Hypercharge – Gell-Mann-Nishijima formula – Fundamental interactions with examples – All conservation laws with examples - Charge conjugation – Space inversiton(parity) –Combined inversion – Time reversal – CP and CPT invariance – Elementary particle symmetries – Eightfold way -Quark model – Quark compositions of leptons, barions and mesons –Color charge -Outline of standard model