Hospitality and its Origin/History Defining Hotel Hotels evolution and growth Classification of Hotels Size,Star,Location / Clientele, Ownership basis, Length of stay, Level of service Management and Affiliation Types of Rooms and Room Rates Single, Double, twin, suites, etc Basis of changing room tariff. Tariff fixation / calculating room tariff. Types of room tariff: Rack rate, discounted rates. Types of Meal plan used in the hotel industry. Types of guests : FIT, GIT, SIT, Business travelers, Domestic, Foreigners, etc

Organizational / Hierarchy Chart. Front office functional area. Duties and Responsibilities of Persons. layout and Equipment. Co-ordination with other Departments Front Office Operations-Guest cycle Front Office Systems: Non Automated / Semi -Automated / Fully Automated Information and Bell desk operation Introduction of Bell desk,Equipments used in Bell desk,Functions of Bell desk [Scanty, Left Luggage procedure,Luggage handling, Paging, Mail and Message handling, Change of room etc] Forms and Formats, Function of information department

Automatic, semi, fully automatic, Cancellations and Amendments Importance & Functions of Reservation sections, Modes of reservations,Channels& sources of reservations[Direct, Travel Agent, C.R.S etc].Types of reservation[confirmed, Guaranteed, etc] , Systems of reservations [ non Processing Individual & Group reservations. Computer Based reservation System a) Global Distribution System b) Inter-Sell agencies c) CRS d) Reservation through the internet Registration Introduction to the Registration section,Steps of registration[with or without reservation,Pre- registration activities, Registration [ non automatic, semi, automatic], Processing VIP, Foreigners & group registration

Front office Guest Security & Safety, Introduction to security systems Types of security Key control Safe deposit, lost & found handling emergency situations The Night Audit Importance & functions of night audit, Operating modes : non automated, semi-automated, automated Night audit process The night audit reports –generations& utility. Verifying the night audit Check out Cash & Accounts, Introduction to cash, Types of Check out & Settlement, Functions of cash sections, various modes of payment by the guest. Ledger- city ledger, Guest ledger Guest weekly bill, V.T.L, V.T.L Vouchers, Vouchers Presentations and settlement of Bills. Travelers Cheque Presentations and settlement of Bills . Travelers Cheque

Computer applications in Front Office: Property management System(PMS) Application of PMS in Front Office. Reservations Module, Front Desk Module Rooms Module, Cashier Module, Night Audit Module Set-Up Module , Reporting Module ,Back Office Module Yield management : Introduction & concepts, Components of yield management Measuring yield -Potential average single rate, Potential average double rate differential rates, ,multiple occupancy percentage, Rate Spread ,identical yield, Revenue Per Available Room (Rev PAR),Calculating Occupancy ratio, rooms availability